{"id":3836,"date":"2021-08-05T23:42:50","date_gmt":"2021-08-05T15:42:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/?p=3836"},"modified":"2021-08-05T23:42:50","modified_gmt":"2021-08-05T15:42:50","slug":"%e3%80%90%e6%b7%b1%e5%ba%a6%e5%ad%a6%e4%b9%a0%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0%e3%80%91bert%e7%9b%b8%e5%85%b3%e7%9f%a5%e8%af%86%e7%82%b9%e9%97%ae%e7%ad%94%e6%b1%87%e6%80%bb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/note\/deep-learning\/note-deep-learning\/3836\/","title":{"rendered":"\u3010\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\u3011Bert\u76f8\u5173\u77e5\u8bc6\u70b9\u95ee\u7b54\u6c47\u603b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u4ee3\u8868\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u5982\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u6279\u8bc4\u6307\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48BERT\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u53e5\u524d\u4f1a\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a[CLS]\u6807\u5fd7? <\/h3>\n\n\n<p>[CLS]\u7528\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5355\u72ec\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u5462\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5982\u679c\u4f7f\u7528\u522b\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8bcd\u5411\u91cf\u4e3b\u8981\u6210\u5206\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\uff08\u56e0\u4e3aattention\u673a\u5236\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d\u6765\u4ee3\u8868\u6574\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>PS\uff1a\u82cf\u795e\u4e5f\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5168\u5c40\u6c60\u5316\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u82cf\u795e\u7ed9\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u201cCLS\u7528\u817b\u4e86\uff0c\u6362\u6c60\u5316\u73a9\u73a9\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5f88\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53e5\u5411\u91cf\u65f6\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5c42\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u6c60\u5316\u8981\u6bd4\u53d6CLS\u7684\u6548\u679c\u8981\u8981\u597d\uff0c\u4ece\u6211\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6c60\u5316\u81f3\u5c11\u4e0d\u8f93\u4e8eCLS\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. BERT\u7684\u4e09\u4e2aEmbedding\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u52a0\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8bed\u4e49\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u5417\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u4f1a\uff0c\u4e09\u4e2aembedding\u62fc\u63a5\uff08\u5047\u8bbe\uff09\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2aLinear\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u4e09\u4e2a\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u52a0\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u672c\u8d28\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u5f15\u7528\u82cf\u795e\u7684\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd<\/p>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p>Embedding\u7684\u6570\u5b66\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4ee5one hot\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5355\u5c42\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u3002<br \/>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u672c\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48Embedding\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u53ea\u662fone hot\u3002 \u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u5728BERT\u4e2d\uff0ctoken\u52063\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u505amask\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f <\/h3>\n\n\n<p>3\u79cdmask\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a80%[MASK]\u300110%\u968f\u673a\u66ff\u6362\u300110%\u4fdd\u7559\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u662f\u5f3a\u8feb\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u8bed\u4e49\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48BERT\u9009\u62e9mask\u638915%\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5417\uff1f <\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\uff0c\u597d\u591a\u4eba\u90fd\u8bf4\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5f53\u53d615%\u65f6\uff0c\u6070\u597d\u5927\u69827\u4e2a\u8bcdmask\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u6b63\u597d\u5c31\u662fCBOW\u4e2d\uff0c\u957f\u5ea6\u4e3a7\u7684\u6ed1\u52a8\u7a97\u53e3\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8bcd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u6709\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u6548\u679c\uff08\u5f53\u7136\u4e86\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5927\u5bb6\u6284\u6765\u6284\u53bb\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u90fd\u8fd9\u4e48\u8bf4\u4e86\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6709\u4eba\u505a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u5fd8\u4e86\u662f\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5370\u8c61\u91cc\u662f\u770b\u5230\u8fc7\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u4eba\u505a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6bd4\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f15%\uff5e20%\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u9488\u5bf9\u53e5\u5b50\u8bed\u4e49\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\/\u591a\u6807\u7b7e\u5206\u7c7b\/\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ffb\u8bd1\/\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5229\u7528BERT\u7ed3\u6784\u600e\u4e48\u505afine-tuning\uff1f <\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5fae\u8c03\u5176\u5b9e\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5bf9\u8f93\u51fa\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u5206\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4ece\u4f20\u7edf\u610f\u4e49\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cbert\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u654f\u611f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u9ad8\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u662f\u53cc\u5411\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\uff1b\u56e0\u6b64GPT\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e5f\u6709\u5c06Bert\u4e0eSeq2Seq\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662fMASS\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1905.02450\"><\/a><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"\uff08\u5728\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u6253\u5f00\uff09\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1905.02450\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1905.02450<\/a>\uff09\u548cUNILM(<a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1905.03197\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1905.03197\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"\uff08\u5728\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u6253\u5f00\uff09\">https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1905.03197<\/a>)\uff0c\u4e8c\u8005\u90fd\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u5fae\u8f6f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>MASS\u4e3b\u8981\u8fd8\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u7684seq2seq\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u90fd\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u7684bert\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6765\u505aencoder\u548cdecoder\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u800cUNILM\u5219\u662f\u901a\u8fc7MASK\uff0c\u5c06<strong>\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong>\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a<strong>\u6587\u672c\u8865\u5168\u4efb\u52a1<\/strong>\uff08Bert\u548cGPT\u7684\u5408\u4f53\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6.\u4f7f\u7528BERT\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u8f93\u5165512\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u53ea\u80fd\u4e24\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u5408\u6210\u4e00\u53e5\uff1f <\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u539f\u751fbert\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u53ea\u80fd\u8f93\u5165512\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6539\u8fdb\u7248\u672c\uff08\u6bd4\u5982NEZHA\uff0cRoformer\u7b49\uff09\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u6ca1\u6709512\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u6700\u591a\u4e24\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u4e0d\u8fc7\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u4efb\u52a1\uff08NSP\u6216\u8005SOP\uff09\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u62fc\u63a5\u7b26\u53f7\uff08\u6216SEP\uff09\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u53e5\u8f93\u5165\u62fc\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8eroberta\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u5929\u751f\u5c31\u652f\u6301\u591a\u53e5\u5b50\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u629b\u5f03\u6389segment embedding\u7684\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6743\u91cd\u4ece\u800c\u8f93\u5927\u66f4\u591a\u7684segment id\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. BERT\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff1fmulti head attention \u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u561b\uff1f <\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u80fd\u529b\u6765\u81ea\u524d\u9988\u5c42GELU\u6fc0\u6d3b\u51fd\u6570\u4ee5\u53caself-attention\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u662f\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. BERT \u662f\u5982\u4f55\u533a\u5206\u4e00\u8bcd\u591a\u4e49\u7684\uff1f <\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7406\u89e3\u80fd\u529b\uff08\u522b\u8bf4\u8fd9\u91cc\u8fd8\u6709\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5224\u65ad\uff0c \u5c31\u662fmask\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e5f\u662f\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e2d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5417\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. BERT\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48position id\u4e0d\u7528\u7ed9\uff0ctype_id \u548c attention_mask\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48 <\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e3a token_ids\uff08\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u8bcd\u7d22\u5f15\uff09\u3001segment_ids\uff08\u5c31\u662f type_id \uff0c\u591a\u4e2a\u6846\u67b6\u8fd9\u91cc\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528\u7684segment_id,\u53e5\u5b50id\uff09\uff0cattention_mask\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\u529bmask\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u8f93\u5165\u5c31\u9ed8\u8ba4\u51680\u6216\u4e0dmask(1)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> 10.BERT\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u7387 warm-up \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8fd9\u4e48\u505a\uff1f <\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7f13\u89e3mini-batch\u7684\u63d0\u524d\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u5e73\u7a33\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6a21\u578b\u6df1\u5c42\u7684\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8ewarm-up\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5148\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u7387\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6b65\u6570\u540e\u6539\u7528\u5927\u5b66\u4e60\u7387\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9632\u6b62\u524d\u671f\u7531\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9bbatch\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u62df\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e86warm-up\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u6bd4\u4e0d\u662f\u7528warm-up\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u8981\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u5c31\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\uff0c\u524d\u671f\u201c\u5b66\u9519\u201d\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u540e\u671f\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u62df\u8865\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11. Bert \u91c7\u7528\u54ea\u79cdNormalization\u7ed3\u6784\uff0cLayerNorm\u548cBatchNorm\u533a\u522b\uff0cLayerNorm\u7ed3\u6784\u6709\u53c2\u6570\u5417\uff0c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1f <\/h3>\n\n\n<p>bert\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662flayernorm\u3002\u6709\u53c2\u6570\uff0c \u03b2\u3001\u03b3 \u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/%E5%9B%BE%E7%89%87-1.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>LN\u548cBN\u7684\u533a\u522b\u4e3a\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"715\" height=\"398\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/\u56fe\u7247.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3838\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/\u56fe\u7247.png 715w, http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/\u56fe\u7247-300x167.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 715px) 100vw, 715px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u770b\u51fa\u6765\uff0cBN \u5bf9\u5e8f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\u66f4\u654f\u611f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64BN\u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u5f88\u5c11\u51fa\u73b0\uff08RNNs\uff09\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48bert\uff08trm\uff09\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528LN\u800c\u4e0d\u662fBN\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">12. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bf4ELMO\u662f\u4f2a\u53cc\u5411\uff0cBERT\u662f\u771f\u53cc\u5411\uff1f\u4ea7\u751f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5dee\u5f02\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f <\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u4e2a\u4eba\u7406\u89e3\u3002ELMO\u53ea\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u53cc\u5411\u7684RNN\uff08LSTM\uff09\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u800cRNN\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u53ea\u662f\u6b63\u9006\u8fdb\u884c\u4e24\u6b21\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u800cBert\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\uff08\u6b63\u9006\uff09\u8fdb\u884cattention\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> 13. Bert\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u505a\u4e86\u6743\u91cd\u5171\u4eab\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u6743\u91cd\u5171\u4eab\uff1f\u597d\u5904\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f <\/h3>\n\n\n<p>embedding\u590d\u7528\uff0c\u66f4\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u53eb\u6cd5\u662fweight tying\uff08\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u771f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u4e2a\u600e\u4e48\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff09\u3002\u8be6\u89c1<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"\u3010\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\u3011bert\u7684mlm\u4efb\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u5728\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u6253\u5f00\uff09\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/note\/deep-learning\/note-deep-learning\/3810\/\" target=\"_blank\">\u3010\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\u3011bert\u7684mlm\u4efb\u52a1\u5b9e\u73b0\u65b9\u5f0f<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">14.Bert(Transformer)\u505a\u70b9\u79ef\u7f29\u653e\uff08scaled\uff09\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u505aattention\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5148\u9664\u6839\u53f7\u4e0bdk\uff08scaled\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u7406\u7531\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u9664\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e2a\uff0c\u5c06\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u68af\u5ea6\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u7531\u4e8e \u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u5bf9softmax\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u5f71\u54cd\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u3002<strong>\u5728\u6570\u91cf\u7ea7\u8f83\u5927\u65f6\uff0csoftmax\u5c06\u51e0\u4e4e\u5168\u90e8\u7684\u6982\u7387\u5206\u5e03\u90fd\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4e86\u6700\u5927\u503c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6807\u7b7e<\/strong>\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u5e76\u4e14\u4f5c\u8005\u8ba4\u4e3a<\/p>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\"><p> We suspect that for large values of dk, the dot products grow large in magnitude, pushing the softmax function into regions where it has extremely small gradients.<\/p><p>\u6781\u5927\u7684\u70b9\u79ef\u503c\u5c06\u6574\u4e2a softmax \u63a8\u5411\u68af\u5ea6\u5e73\u7f13\u533a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u6536\u655b\u56f0\u96be <\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n<p><strong>\u90a3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u7c7b\u5c42\u4e0d\u662f\u7528sacled\u5462\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5c42\u5f80\u5f80\u610f\u5473\u7740\u548c\u4ea4\u53c9\u71b5\u8054\u5408\u6c42\u5bfc\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u6b63\u786e\uff08\u4e0e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u503c\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u503c\u5dee\u5f88\u5c0f\uff09\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u7387\u4f4e\u5c31\u4f4e\u5427\uff0c \u6291\u5236\u53c2\u6570\u66f4\u65b0 \uff1b\u53cd\u4e4b\u7ed9\u51fa\u6700\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u8d1f\u53cd\u9988\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">15.transformer\u7684encoder\u548cdecoder\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u7684\uff1f\u548c\u4e00\u822c\u7684seq2seq\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u533a\u522b\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u9690\u85cf\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u548cseq2seq\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662ftransformer\u7684decoder\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u5305\u62ec\uff1aencoder\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3001encoder\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff08teaching force\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u5168\u90e8\uff09\uff1b\u5c06encoder\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff08K\uff0cV\uff09\u548cdecoder\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8fdb\u884c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8ba1\u7b97\u540e\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fdb\u884cdecoder\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0cdecoder\u7aef\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e24\u6b21attention\u8fd0\u7b97\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7684input\u7684attention\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884cadd&amp;LN\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21encoder\u7684output\uff08self attention\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3aQ\uff0c\u4e0eencoder\u8f93\u51fa\u7684K\uff0cV\u8fdb\u884cattention\uff09\u7684attention\uff0c\u968f\u540eadd&amp;LN\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">16.transformer\u4e2d\u7684multi-head attention\u4e2d\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2ahead\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u7ef4\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u8a00\u4ee5\u853d\u4e4b\uff1a \u5728<strong>\u4e0d\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6<\/strong>\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u501f\u9274<strong>CNN\u591a\u6838<\/strong>\u7684\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5728<strong>\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728<strong>\u591a\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u7a7a\u95f4<\/strong>\uff0c<strong>\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613<\/strong>\u5b66\u4e60\u5230\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u4fe1\u606f\u3002 <\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3aself-attention\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u590d\u6742\u5ea6\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662fO(n*n*d)\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dn\u662f\u5e8f\u5217\u957f\u5ea6\uff0cd\u662fembedding\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4eembedding\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff08768-&gt;64\uff09\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u52a0\u5feb \u8ba1\u7b97\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u8be6\u89c1<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/note\/deep-learning\/note-deep-learning\/4002\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"\u3010\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\u3011\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48transformer(Bert)\u7684\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8981\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2ahead\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u7ef4\uff1f\uff08\u5728\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u6253\u5f00\uff09\">\u3010\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\u3011\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48transformer(Bert)\u7684\u591a\u5934\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u8981\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2ahead\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u7ef4\uff1f<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e00\u63d0\uff0c\u867d\u7136attention\u7684\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u884c\u5f88\u5f3a\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4f9d\u7136\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff08<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"\bICML2021\uff08\u5728\u65b0\u7a97\u53e3\u6253\u5f00\uff09\" href=\"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/note\/deep-learning\/note-deep-learning\/3850\/\" target=\"_blank\">\bICML2021<\/a>\uff09attention\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u60f3\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\u2014\u2014\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u672c\u6587\u53ea\u4ee3\u8868\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u5982\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u6216\u8005\u5176\u4ed6\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u6279\u8bc4\u6307\u6b63\u3002 1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48BERT\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u53e5\u524d\u4f1a\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a[ [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[18,9],"tags":[31,36,37,39,42],"views":17345,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3836"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3836"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3836\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3836"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3836"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.sniper97.cn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3836"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}